Treatment of bone tumours is one of the main problems of the modern orthopedic medical practice. The cryosurgery is a method of choice in treatment of various nosological forms of bone tumours. Some authors studied peculiarities of bone rearrangement in hemiosteotomy and cortical defect with or without subsequent cryotreatment. It was noted that after cryosurgery the bone is able to regenerate but in slowed rates. Nevertheless, this fact is of great importance, as it opens prospects for application of low temperatures in orthopedics.

… after cryosurgery the bone is able to regenerate ..

One of important questions is measuring of bone temperature during cryosurgery.

In orthopedics, the basic pattern in spreading of cold front in a bone is established and formulas for calculation of temperature to obtain cryonecrosis on limited area are generated.

The main problems in using cryosurgical intervention in orthopedics remain and they are as follows: whether local remission by means of cryosurgery in comparison with resection and amputation is possible; whether cryosurgical method helps to decrease number of metastases in lungs and to prolong survival. Statistically significant differences in frequency of tumour recurrence after cryosurgery and amputation were not established, however, significant decrease in recurrence frequencies after cryosurgery is observed as compared to tumour resection.

During studying of immunologic status after cryosurgery of osteogenic sarcomas, weak cryosurgical effect on immunologic status was revealed which, in opinion of many authors, is worthy of close attention of investigators and requires the further development. The cryosurgery in an orthopedic practice was applied in the following diseases:

• solitary, aneurysmic cysts in bones
• giant-cell tumour
• chondroblastoma
• bone fibromyxochondroepithelioma
• fibrous dysplasia
• eosinophilic granuloma
• bone hemangioma
• low-grade differentiated sarcoma
• malignant fibrous histiocytoma, etc.